Identify specific research approaches appropriate for use with the theoretical model or framework and how it fits with your intended project

Identify specific research approaches appropriate for use with the theoretical model or framework and how it fits with your intended project

Identify specific research approaches appropriate for use with the theoretical model or framework and how it fits with your intended project

Theoretical Model Framework

Healthcare professionals use their knowledge and skills to improve health outcomes by addressing practice issues. In this case, they propose different interventions for improving patients’ or populations’ health and outline their implementation. Theoretical frameworks outline how healthcare professionals can design and implement change systematically (Harrison et al., 2021). Through frameworks, change is usually procedural, and its outcomes should be evaluated. Accordingly, project leaders/change proponents should choose the most appropriate framework for the project’s design and data collection approach. The purpose of this paper is to describe the theoretical framework that aligns with the capstone project.

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Theoretical Framework’s Key Features and Major Components

The appropriate model for the project is the Transtheoretical model (TTM). In health and change-driven projects, the TTM guides positive health-behavior changes among individuals attempting to change their behaviors (Liu et al., 2018). TTM demonstrates behavior change as cyclic since individuals can revert to their old behaviors if the change is ineffective. The basic steps of change include precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance (Liu et al., 2018). In the precontemplation phase, individuals do not intend to make, while contemplation entails considering making changes. In the preparation step, individuals start making small steps toward change, while the action phase denotes attempting the change. Maintenance entails the ability to sustain behavior change for more than six months (Hashemzadeh et al., 2019). For positive change to occur, healthcare professionals should help individuals to understand the benefits of change and its sustenance strategies.

The TTM has four main components. According to Liu et al. (2018), the basic constructs include change stages, self-efficacy, decisional balance, and change processes. Its central premise is that behavior change starts when individuals start perceiving more benefits than disadvantages from engaging in behavior modification. Self-efficacy represents a person’s ability to organize and implement recommendations to achieve the desired goals. Decisional balance involves outweighing pros and cons, while processes of change include strategies for modifying experience and environment to change behavior (Hashemzadeh et al., 2019). Individuals combine cognitive and behavioral processes to change behavior.

Research Approaches Appropriate for Use with the Framework

The TTM lends itself to both quantitative and qualitative methods. Since it guides behavior change from the point of no intention to maintenance, outcomes can be evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. Interviews are an appropriate qualitative method for the project to explore individuals’ perceptions of vaccination, their intention to change, and behaviors adopted to improve health outcomes. Surveys would also be appropriate when quantitative data is needed.

Project Evaluation

The model can be used to evaluate behavior change to determine whether the project achieved the desired outcomes. The project seeks to improve vaccine acceptance based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Therefore, the target population should be helped to change their attitude toward vaccination, which can be achieved through health education since it improves health literacy (Auld et al., 2020). The TTM fits the project since data can be collected qualitatively and quantitatively. Besides, it guides behavior change procedurally, and the current project seeks to achieve change through a similar approach. Regarding the aspects of the model that work well, project implementers can analyze outcomes in each phase to determine whether individuals are ready for the next phase. However, the cyclic nature of behavior change might make change implementation more tedious and time-consuming.

Conclusion

Project implementation is usually a procedural process with targeted outcomes. Theoretical frameworks guide project leaders on systematic change implementation. The TTM fits the current project since it outlines how to achieve behavior change in five basic steps. A similar approach can help to increase vaccination acceptance and evaluate whether the desired outcomes were achieved.

References

Auld, M. E., Allen, M. P., Hampton, C., Montes, J. H., Sherry, C., Mickalide, A. D., Logan, R. A., Alvarado-Little, W., & Parson, K. (2020). Health literacy and health education in schools: Collaboration for action. NAM Perspectives, 2020, 10.31478/202007b. https://doi.org/10.31478/202007b

Harrison, R., Fischer, S., Walpola, R. L., Chauhan, A., Babalola, T., Mears, S., & Le-Dao, H. (2021). Where do models for change management, improvement and implementation meet? a systematic review of the applications of change management models in healthcare. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 13, 85–108. https://doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S289176

Hashemzadeh, M., Rahimi, A., Zare-Farashbandi, F., Alavi-Naeini, A. M., & Daei, A. (2019). Transtheoretical model of health behavioral change: a systematic review. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 24(2), 83–90. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_94_17

Liu, K. T., Kueh, Y. C., Arifin, W. N., Kim, Y., & Kuan, G. (2018). Application of transtheoretical model on behavioral changes, and amount of physical activity among university’s students. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2402. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02402

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Select the specific theoretical framework that you will use with your project (education, leadership or FNP). Describe how the theory that you chose aligns with your capstone project. Include the following information:

Describe the key features of the selected theoretical framework/model. What are its major components?

• Identify specific research approaches appropriate for use with the theoretical model or framework and how it fits with your intended project.
  • Does the model lend itself to quantitative or qualitative methods or both?
  • What kind of quantitative/qualitative methods would be most appropriate? (Focus groups, interviews, pre/post-tests, record review, survey, etc.)
• Describe how the theoretical framework might be used to evaluate the program/project and critique how well the model fits the program or project.
  • What aspects of the model works well and what aspects do not?
  • Why?

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Expectations

• Due: Monday, 11:59 pm PT
• Length: 2-3 pages  not including references
• Citations: Scholarly reference(s) from within the last 5 years.
• Format: APA 7th ed.
• Use the title “Theoretical Model Framework.”