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Metoprolol Metoprolol is a beta blocker. Beta blockers prevent norepinephrine (adrenalin) from acting on beta receptors in blood vessels and in the heart. This causes blood vessels to relax. By relaxing the vessels, beta blockers help to lower blood pressure and…

Coronary artery disease Coronary artery disease – with certain risk factors overtime blood flow in vessels becomes restricted because of plaque buildup. Compromised blood flow depletes heart of oxygen and nutrients leading to weakening of the heart muscle and congestive heart…

High blood pressure High blood pressure – according to American Heart Association (AHA) HTN is when force of the blood flowing through blood vessels is constantly too high (AHA, 2017). Interventions: part of a heart education would be ways to control…

Obesity Obesity puts stress on entire body including cardiac system. Heart has to work harder to pump blood. According to American College of Cardiology (AAC) left ventricular hypertrophy is very common in people who are obese (2015). Interventions: Nutrition consult,…

High cholesterol High cholesterol – too much cholesterol in the blood causes build up on the walls of the arteries. Overtime blood flow gets compromised and might lead to negative consequences like heart disease, blood clots, high blood pressure etc. Interventions:…

IV morphine sulphate (Morphine) IV morphine sulphate (Morphine) is used to reduce preload, heart rate, and possibly afterload, the net effect of which is a reduction in myocardial oxygen demand.

IV furosemide (Lasix) IV furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic used in heart failure patients because heart failure leads to renal retention of sodium and water, which will increase the blood volume and venous pressure, and cause edema formation. Pulmonary edema (caused…

Enalapril (Vasotec) Enalapril (Vasotec) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE inhibitor). It is used to help block the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which is what is used by the body to cause the blood vessels to constrict. When you block this enzyme the blood…

Metoprolol (Lopressor) Metoprolol (Lopressor) is a beta-blocker. Beta-blockers are used to help treat left ventricular systolic dysfunction. They are typically used with other medications to treat heart failure. They are also used to treat diastolic heart failure. They do this by…

Coronary Artery Disease Interventions Coronary artery disease – over time arteries build up with fatty deposits. This causes reduced blood flow to the heart. This can cause a heart attack if the arteries rupture. Then blood clots can formed and may…